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Medications to Treat Anxiety

Therapy is the most effective treatment for anxiety, occasionally an infrequent course of medication is required. The medications used to treat anxiety include antidepressants and tranquilizers.

SSRI antidepressants such as citalopram (Celexa), the escitalopram (Lexapro) and sertraline (Zoloft) can improve communication between nerve cells in the brain and reduce anxiety. SNRIs, that target the chemicals norepinephrine and serotonin are also effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are the first line of treatment doctors prescribe to treat anxiety disorders. They stop nerve cells from absorption of serotonin into the brain, a chemical which is important for mood regulation. It takes time for the medication to take effect but most people begin feeling better after 4 to 6 weeks. SSRIs don't develop into a habit and are not addicting, therefore they can continue to be taken for a long period of time.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. Examples of SNRIs are citalopram (Celexa) as well as the escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac) and paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Tricyclic antidepressants such as imipramine (Tofranil) and Doxepine (Anxiety Disorder Stimulant) also treat anxiety and depression. Novel antidepressants such as mirtazapine (Remeron) are also used to treat anxiety disorders.

Doctors do not know how to treat anxiety disorder without medication SNRIs or SSRIs work but they do know that they boost the activity of certain chemical messengers referred to as neurotransmitters in the brain. They stop the brain from reabsorbing chemicals and allow these substances to interact with receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They may also help with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder, but it is less frequent.

Atypical antipsychotics can be prescribed to patients with anxiety who don't respond to SSRIs. Examples include quetiapine (Abilify) and aripiprazole (Risperdal). These drugs relieve anxiety in people with obsessive-compulsive disorders. They are usually prescribed in combination with an antidepressant. They also have a lower chance of serious adverse effects than other kinds of antipsychotics.

Beta-blockers, also known as beta-blockers, can be used to treat anxiety and are often prescribed for heart ailments. Propranolol and atenolol are two examples. They can ease physical symptoms of anxiety for people who suffer from social anxiety treatment online disorder. They can be useful in reducing anxiety, specifically before or after surgery. Benzodiazepines, like lorazepam and Ativan (Ativan), can be used when other medications aren't working. The use of benzodiazepines can become addictive and habit-forming.

SNRIs

SNRIs are a kind of antidepressant medication which is commonly prescribed to combat anxiety. They work in a similar way as SSRIs but also increase the availability norepinephrine, and serotonin. They are therefore more effective in treating specific anxiety disorders like anxiety disorder, social anxiety and panic disorder. They are most effective in conjunction with other treatment strategies and therapy.

Contrary to the benzodiazepines, SNRIs don't cause dependence or addiction in most people. However, some patients may feel withdrawal symptoms when stopping the medication after a lengthy time of usage. It is essential to speak with your physician prior to discontinuing any medication.

Serotonin and norepinephrine are neurotransmitters responsible for stress and mood reactions. They play a crucial role in the fight or flight response that a lot of sufferers of anxiety experience. By blocking the reuptake process, SNRIs block nerve cells from rapidly absorbing these neurotransmitters. By doing so they hold these chemicals in the brain for longer and as a consequence they are able to improve mood and reduce anxiety levels or help alleviate symptoms of panic attacks.

Norepinephrine is also involved in anxiety, as it stimulates the Amygdala. This is a deep and primitive part of the brain that is linked to fearful behavior. SNRIs decrease the activity in this region of the brain. This can boost mood, anxiety and alleviate panic attacks.

These medicines are extremely helpful, but they can also increase suicidal behavior in certain people. Due to this, they are typically prescribed in higher doses and for a short period of time. In addition, these medications can interact with several other medications and other substances. If you're taking any other prescription or non-prescription medications, make sure you discuss this with your physician and keep them updated on any medical conditions that you may have particularly heart issues and bleeding diseases. Also, be aware that certain patients have reported adverse reactions to SNRIs including dry mouth and nausea.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines, or benzos as they are often called are drugs that act quickly and reduce anxiety and situational anxiety treatment related symptoms, like tension in the muscles and insomnia. They can be beneficial for people with anxiety disorders, including panic disorder and social anxiety particularly if other treatments, like SSRIs or psychotherapy (talk therapy), don't work. They can also be helpful as a short-term solution, such as while you are waiting for an antidepressant to start working. Drugs like diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan) are the most commonly used benzos, but other options include clonazepam (Rivotril) as well as temazepam (Restoril) and flurazepam (Dalmane).

They typically begin working within 30 minutes because they are rapid-acting. These medications don't last very long in the body, so you should take them on a regular basis to get the benefits. Benzos taken for long periods of time could lead to physical dependence and addiction and should be used only for the shortest period possible. Benzos are not recommended for those with depression or other anxiety disorders because they may increase the risk of developing those problems.

People who use benzos for an extended time, often without medical supervision, could develop a condition referred to as sedative-use disorder, which includes withdrawal symptoms and addiction. It is not common for those who take benzos as prescribed to develop this problem, however. Rather, misuse of benzos is usually the result of other causes like alcohol abuse or depression.

Taking benzodiazepines for the long term can also cause tolerance to their effects on sedation. If you develop tolerance of the effects, you need to take more of the medication to have the same effect. In some cases, this can lead to respiratory depression, coma, and death. Even if you're taking benzodiazepines over a long duration, it is crucial to follow the prescription.

Other Medical Treatments

SSRIs and SNRIs are the primary medications doctors will typically prescribe for anxiety. They affect serotonin which is responsible for the mood sleep, appetite, and appetite. They can be slow to take effect, up to 12 weeks, and may cause some side effects like insomnia or nausea. SSRIs can also be used to treat mental disorders such as depression, panic disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder. Unlike benzodiazepines, antidepressants don't cause physical dependence but they can cause withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped.

The medicines in this class include sertraline (Zoloft) and the fluoxetine (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa). They may be used as a stand-alone treatment or in combination with therapy. Antidepressants are prescribed by psychologists, psychiatrists or family physicians who have specialized training in the management of medications.

Doctors may prescribe a class called monoamine-oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as an antidepressant. These medications block the action of specific enzymes that break down chemicals, like serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. MAOIs can take as long as four weeks before they begin to work however, they aren't as quick-acting as SSRIs.

Another medication that can help manage anxiety is clonidine, which is used to control high blood pressure but has limited effectiveness in treating anxiety. Its effectiveness is limited because of negative effects such as hypotension and sedation. Antihistamines like hydroxyzine may be prescribed by doctors to decrease anxiety and panic attacks. Certain patients might also experience a decrease in the effectiveness of benzodiazepines.

The treatment for anxiety is usually the combination of medication, psychotherapy and exercise. The most effective method is to work with an expert therapist who is skilled in treating anxiety disorders. They can help you determine the root cause of your anxiety, and suggest strategies to manage it without medication if necessary. Other options for treating anxiety that aren't medications include eye movement desensitization, mindfulness meditation, reprocessing, and yoga that is trauma-informed. Speak to your therapist to determine the best options for you. Psychiatrists are trained to analyze your medical history, symptoms, and develop an appropriate treatment plan for anxiety that is appropriate for you. When creating the plan, they will consider your medical diagnosis, lifestyle, medical background, and personal preferences. They can also make adjustments over time.